emmahallinan

How did early civilizations explain biological diversity?
 * What is an Organism?**
 * History of science:**
 * early philsophers believed that the huge variety of different organisms that exsit ob the earth were created by a supreme being.

The process organising organisms into groups based on predetermined criteria is called classification. The classification of living things is said to be a strong, multilevel classification. Strong because the scheme gives predictable results. Multilevel because major groupings may be further subdivided into smaller sub groups.
 * Classification:**

The criterion we use to assign organisms to groups is the closeness of the evolutionary relationships between members of the group. This is usually ovserved by looking at the number of features shared by organisms when we compare them. Features that might be used when looking to group organisms could include:

1* Physical structures (eg. anatomy of bones, teeth organisms etc) 2* Biochemistry (eg. protein similarities) 3* Manner of development 4* Behaivioural Characteristiscs 5* Similarities in DNA

This is my 5 Kingdoms activity:

Organisms have the following levels of organisation:
 * Hierarchies Of Organisation**
 * 1*** Atoms- The basic unit of a chemical element: eg.Carbon, Oxygen


 * 2*** Molecules- A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction: eg.CO2 carbondioxide, H2O water
 * 3*** Cells- The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single //cell//, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic: eg. In the human body: Skin, nerves, muscles


 * 4*** Tissues- Any type of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products: eg. Muscle Tissue
 * inflammation is a reaction of living //tissue// to infection or injury
 * the organs and //tissues// of the body


 * 5*** Organs- A part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans: eg. Lungs, Kidneys
 * 6*** Organ systems- A group of organs that work together to perform a certain task. Common systems, such as those present in mammals and other animals, seen in human anatomy, are those such as the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the nervous system: eg. skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system

1- Carbohydrates- simple sugars (mono and disaccharides) join together to make complex carohydrates (polysaccharides). Glucose is a monosaccharide that is the starting chemical of CELLULAR RESPIRATION (the process by which the energy in carbohydrates is converted to a usable form of energy for a cell.) 2- Proteins- Proteins are made of amino acids joined together to form longer molecules (called proteins). -Proteins are used as structural components in cells and tissues. -Also have a regulatory role in controlling biochemical reactions i.e enzymes are biochemical catalysts 3- Lipids- fats and oils -an important component in cellular membranes -A high denisty energy storage product 4- Nucleic Acids- -DNA (deoxyribonucleic Acid) -RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) -"Information storage" Molecules -Contain the information that "codes" for proteins -The information that makes you, you (when mixed with your environment and experience) DNA found in nucleus of eukaryotic cells (chromosomes) and in chloroplasts and mitochondria.

My glossary page

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Batesian Mimicry- Batesian Mimicry is a form of mimicry typified by a situation where a harmless species has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species directed at a common predator. Mullerian Mimicry-Millerian Mimicry is a natural phenomenon when two or more harmful species, share one or more common predator.

Adaptations- (1) Examples of an Adaptation and how it helps an animal (and its species) survive? Some examples of adaptations are: Among them are webbed feet, sharp claws, whiskers, sharp teeth, large beaks, wings, and hooves
 * Many animals have developed specific parts of the body adapted to survival in a certain environment.

(2) Give examples of- (a) Structural Adaptations: E.g: Jellyfish have sting in there tenticles, which protect them from predators and keep them safe. (b) Behavioural Adaptations:
 * Some animals are extremely colourful that can atrract there prey, and other predators.
 * Some animals are very still

(3) Jack Rabbits, Bilbys and fennec foxes all live in desert envirnoments. Find a picture of each. What stutural feature do they obviously share and how does this adaptation help them to survive in their desert habbitats?